It may be that damage to the hippocampus is involved.ĭamage to the hippocampus can make it hard to remember how to get from one place to another. Most people with transient global amnesia eventually regain their memories, but the reasons why the problem occurs and why it resolves are unclear. Transient global amnesia is a specific form of memory loss that develops suddenly, seemingly on its own, and then goes away fairly quickly. This is because the long-term memories are stored in another part of the brain, once they become long term. They may be unable to remember some things that happened shortly before the hippocampal damage, but they may still remember things that happened longer ago. If one or both parts of the hippocampus are damaged by illnesses such as Alzheimer’s disease, or if they are hurt in an accident, the person can experience a loss of memory and a loss of the ability to make new, long-term memories. The hippocampus is one of the few places in the brain new nerve cells are generated. Research has shown that nerve cells continue to develop throughout adulthood. These are then stored elsewhere in the brain. The hippocampus is also where short-term memories are turned into long-term memories. Spatial relationship memories appear to be stored in the right hippocampus. #Hippocampus anatomy scholarly articles driver#For example, when a cab driver learns a route through a city, they use spatial memory. Spatial relationship memories involve pathways or routes. Examples include learning how to memorize speeches or lines in a play. The hippocampus helps humans process and retrieve two kinds of memory, declarative memories and spatial relationships.ĭeclarative memories are those related to facts and events. These structures help control different bodily functions, such as the endocrine system and what is commonly known as the “fight or flight” reaction. The limbic system is situated on the edge of the cortex, and it includes the hypothalamus and the amygdala. It still remains to be determined to which extent such neuroanatomical data of experimental animals is applicable to the human hippocampal formation.The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, which is associated with the functions of feeling and reacting. Our current knowledge on hippocampal connectivity and function is largely based on studies of rodents and monkeys. Extensive hippocampal integration of sensory information is established by a largely unidirectional chain of intrinsic hippocampal projections. The entorhinal cortex is connected to associational neocortical areas in a reciprocal manner. Based on its extrinsic connectivity, the hippocampal formation receives a vast amount of highly processed multimodal sensory information that is funneled into the hippocampal formation mainly by the entorhinal cortex. The other regions that together comprise the hippocampal formation consist of the dentate gyrus, the subicular complex, and the entorhinal cortex. The hippocampus proper consists of three major subfields (CA1-CA3). The hippocampal formation is a prominent C-shaped structure bulging in the floor of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. The hippocampus is one of several brain regions that together comprise the hippocampal formation.
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